機油消耗高的原因都有哪些?——What are the reasons for high oil consumption?

 

 機油消耗量過大，不僅造成浪費，污染環境，而且蜜入氣缸燃燒後的積炭，會汙火花塞和增大氣缸磨損。

 Excessive oil consumption not only causes waste and pollutes the environment, but also causes carbon to accumulate in the cylinder after combustion, which can pollute the spark plugs and increase cylinder wear.

引起機油消耗量過大的原因主要有以下幾點:
The main reasons for excessive oil consumption are as follows：

1.機油的滲漏損失發動機的各密封面緊固不嚴、油封老化損壞等，都會造成機油的滲漏。

1.Loss of oil leakage. The engine's sealing surfaces are not tightly fastened and the oil seals are damaged due to ageing.

2.機油竄入燃燒室被燒掉

2. Oil leakage into the combustion chamber and being burnt off

機油竄入燃燒室有四種途徑:
There are four ways for oil to escape into the combustion chamber:

a.氣門擋油圈失效，不能防止過多的機油通過氣門導管進入燃燒室

a. Failure of the valve retainer ring to prevent excessive oil from entering the combustion chamber through the valve guide tube

b.進氣門杆與氣門導管磨損嚴重，造成兩者之間的間隙過大，在進氣行程中，氣門室罩中機油油液就會沿該間隙吸入進氣道進入燃燒室。

b. The inlet valve stem and valve guide tube are badly worn, causing the gap between them to be too large, and the oil in the valve cover will be sucked into the combustion chamber along the gap during the inlet stroke.

c.活塞環和氣缸壁之間的間隙過大。活塞或氣缸磨損後，活塞環與氣缸壁不能很好貼合，

活塞環的刮油作用減弱，機油進入燃燒室，當活塞環斷裂或活塞環黏結在環槽內時，機油也會蜜入燃燒室。

c. Piston rings and cylinder walls between the gap is too large. Piston or cylinder wear, the piston ring and cylinder wall can not fit well.When the piston ring is broken or the piston ring is stuck in the ring groove, the oil will also be honeyed into the combustion chamber.

d.曲軸箱通風閥粘連。曲軸箱通風閥如果發生粘連而不能移動，將失去對通風量的控制，

曲軸箱中過多的機油便通過曲軸箱通風管進入進氣管。

d. Sticking of the crankcase ventilation valve. If the crankcase ventilation valve becomes stuck and cannot be moved, control of the ventilation volume will be lost.Excessive oil in the crankcase will enter the intake pipe through the crankcase vent pipe.

 

3.機油加注過多

3. Excessive oil filling

發動機曲軸旋轉時將大量機油濺入氣缸燃燒，不但增加機油消耗，而且使曲軸的運動阻力增大，減小發動機輸出功率解決方法:當機油的耗油量比平時多時，首先檢查是否有滲漏。可從發動機外部觀察，查看的主要部位有曲軸油封、缸蓋罩密封面、放油螺塞、油底殼結合面、機油濾清器、正時鏈輪蓋結合面等看是否有滲漏，如有，應採取緊固或更換密封墊或更換部件等方法予以排除。

 When the engine crankshaft rotates, a large amount of oil will be spilled into the cylinder and burned, which not only increases oil consumption, but also increases the resistance of the crankshaft to movement and reduces the engine output power. The main parts of the engine are the crankshaft oil seal, cylinder head cover sealing surface, oil drain screw, oil sump capping surface, oil filter, timing sprocket cover capping surface, etc. to see if there is leakage. If there is, tighten or replace the gasket or replace the parts to be eliminated.

 

另外，觀察發動機的排氣顏色，若冒藍煙，表明有機油進入燃燒室。

In addition, observe the colour of the engine's exhaust. If blue smoke is emitted, it indicates that oil has entered the combustion chamber.

應按照上面提到的a~d四種途徑逐一排查，氣門擋油圈失效時更換擋油圈，進氣門杆與氣門導管之間的間隙過大時(磨損極限為0.80mm)，可用專用工具較擴氣門導管，然後選加大氣門杆尺寸的氣門和加大的油封;若是活塞環和氣缸壁之間的間隙過大，可通過測量氣缸的壓縮壓力來判斷，氣缸內的壓力正常值為900~1400kPa，如果測量的數值低於極限值750kPa，表明氣缸、活塞或活塞環的磨損過大，應拆下分別檢查和更換，對於曲軸箱通風閥粘連，應更換通風閥，為避免通風閥粘連給發動機的運轉帶來麻煩應按生產廠保養規定及時更換通風閥。

Should be in accordance with the above-mentioned a ~ d four ways to check one by one, valve retainer ring failure to replace the retainer ring, into the valve rod and valve guide tube gap between too large (wear limit of 0.80mm), available special tools to expand the valve guide tube, and then choose to increase the size of the valve rod valve and increase the oil seal; if the piston ring and the gap between the cylinder wall is too large, can be determined by measuring the cylinder compression pressure If the pressure inside the cylinder is normally 900~1400kPa, if the measured value is lower than the limit value of 750kPa, it indicates that the wear of the cylinder, piston or piston ring is too large and should be removed for inspection and replacement respectively.