ESP和EPS是一回事嗎—那些容易混淆的汽車英文縮寫
在汽車上有很多功能或配置是用英文縮寫來表示的，但是這些英文縮寫有些是非常相似的，但含義卻截然不同，大家不注意就會把它們弄混淆了。下面我們就來盤點一下這些容易混淆的英文縮寫，大家可以來借鑒一下。
1、ESP和EPS
ESP是汽車車身電子穩定系統的英文縮寫，它的主要作用就是控制汽車在高速過彎以及緊急變線時車身的姿態，避免汽車側滑失控。而EPS是汽車電動助力轉向系統的英文縮寫，它是利用轉向助力電機通電產生轉矩來實現轉向助力的。所以ESP和EPS是截然不同的兩回事，它們沒有任何關係，也不會相互影響或干涉。
2、ABS與BAS
ABS是汽車制動防抱死系統的英文縮寫，它的作用是靠電控系統的自動控制把車輪的制動力控制在車輪抱死的邊緣，提供最好的制動性能同時保持方向的可控。保證汽車的制動方向穩定性，防止產生側滑和跑偏。BAS是汽車制動力輔助系統的英文縮寫，是通過增大真空助力系統的助力作用來增大制動力的。這個配置對老人和女性説明很大，可以自動增大刹車踏板的制動力，讓駕駛員行車更加安全。
3、HAC與HDC
HAC是上坡輔助系統的英文縮寫，它的作用是汽車坡路起步時，即使不用手刹車，也可以自動保持幾秒鐘制動，可以駕駛者有充足的時間將腳由刹車踏板轉向油門踏板，以防止發生溜車事故。這是一個對新手非常實用的配置。而HDC是陡坡緩降控制的英文縮寫，它的作用是汽車在下陡坡時，。也稱為斜坡控制系統駕駛員無需踩制動踏板，車輛會自動控制車輛以一個很低的速度勻速行駛，並且能夠逐個對超過安全轉速的車輪施加制動力，從而保證車輛平穩下坡。
4、EBD與EBA
EBD是汽車電子制動力分配系統的英文縮寫，它的作用是根據汽車制動時產生軸荷轉移的不同，自動調節前、後軸的制動力分配比例，提高制動效能，並配合ABS提高制動穩定性。EBA是汽車電子控制制動輔助系統的英文縮寫，它可以在汽車制動時自動增大制動系統的制動力，以縮短汽車制動距離。
5、HUD與HID
HUD是汽車抬頭數字顯示系統的英文縮寫，它可以把汽車行駛時重要的車況資訊，映射在風窗玻璃上的全息半鏡上，使駕駛員不必低頭，就能看清汽車的行駛狀態，保證了行駛的安全性。而HID是汽車氙氣大燈的英文縮寫，它是汽車光源的一種，亮度較高，是通過將大燈中的氙氣電離後，形成電弧放電並使之穩定發光，進而形成穩定的汽車大燈照明系統。
6、HPS與EHPS
HPS是汽車液壓助力轉向系統的英文縮寫，它是以前汽車上最常見的轉向助力系統，現在仍然在卡車和越野車等車型上大量使用。而EHPS是汽車電子液壓助力轉向系統的簡稱，它的特點是轉向泵由發動機帶動變成了由電機帶動，它的優點是可以實現隨速轉向，並可以降低油耗。
7、ECU與TCU
ECU是電子控制單元的英文縮寫，一般專指發動機電子控制單元，也就是我們俗稱的發動機電腦。而TCU是專指自動變速箱電子控制單元。這兩個控制單元在汽車行駛過程中，是隨時相互通訊與協調配合的。在大部分的車型上，二者都是分開的，也有部分車型把二者合二為一了，統稱為ECU。
8、CNG與LNG
CNG是壓縮天然氣汽車的英文縮寫，而LNG是液化天然氣汽車的英文縮寫，二者的區別是CNG中的天然氣雖然壓力高，但是天然氣仍然呈氣態，處於常溫狀態，需要較大、較重的鋼瓶；而LNG中的天然氣是液態的，溫度非常低，同樣體積的鋼瓶可以轉載更多的天然氣，所以現在應用更多的液化天然氣汽車，即LNG。
9、DOHC與SOHC
DOHC是雙頂置凸輪軸的英文縮寫，而SOHC是單頂置凸輪軸的英文縮寫，二者都屬於配氣機構凸輪軸佈置型式。相對來說，DOHC對發動機進排氣更有利，控制的更精准，因此現在絕大部分的汽車發動機都是雙頂置凸輪軸的。
10、4WD與4WS
4WD是四輪驅動系統的英文縮寫，一般指越野車上四個車輪都有驅動力，這種表述方法以分時四驅較多。而4WS是四輪轉向系統的英文縮寫，是指汽車的四個車輪都可以轉向，而不是像普通車型那樣只有兩個前輪有轉向作用，不過大部分四輪轉向系統的後輪都是隨動轉向輪，並不具備主動轉向的功能。
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There are many features and configurations in a car that are represented by abbreviations, but some of these abbreviations are very similar but have very different meanings, which can be confusing if you are not careful. Here we will take a look at some of the abbreviations that can be confused.
1、ESP and EPS
ESP is the acronym for Electronic Stability System. Its main function is to control the car's posture during high-speed cornering and emergency lane changes to prevent the car from sliding out of control. EPS, on the other hand, is the acronym for Electric Power Steering System, which uses a steering motor to generate torque to achieve steering assistance. Therefore, ESP and EPS are two very different things. They are not related in any way and do not affect or interfere with each other.
2、ABS and BAS
ABS is the acronym for Anti-lock Braking System. Its function is to control the braking force of the wheels to the edge of the wheel lock by the automatic control of the electronic control system, providing the best braking performance and keeping the direction controllable. BAS is the acronym for Brake Assist System, which increases the braking power by increasing the booster effect of the vacuum assist system. This is a great help for the elderly and women, as it automatically increases the braking power of the brake pedal, allowing drivers to drive more safely.
3、HAC and HDC
HAC is the acronym for Hill Assist, which is used to start a car on a hill, even without hand braking, it can automatically keep the braking force for a few seconds, so that the driver has enough time to turn his foot from the brake pedal to the accelerator pedal to prevent skidding accidents. This is a very useful feature for new drivers. HDC is the acronym for Steep Hill Descent Control, which is used when the car is going down a steep hill. The driver does not need to press the braking pedal, the vehicle is automatically controlled to travel at a very low speed and the braking force is applied to the wheels that exceed the safe speed one by one, thus ensuring a smooth descent.
4、EBD and EBA
EBD is the acronym for Electronic Brake Distribution System, which automatically adjusts the braking force distribution ratio between the front and rear axles according to the different axle load transfer during braking to improve the braking efficiency and the stability of braking in conjunction with ABS. It can automatically increase the braking power of the braking system when the car is braking to shorten the braking distance.
5、HUD and HID
HUD is the acronym for Head-Up Digital Display, which maps important information about the car's condition on the holographic half-mirror on the windscreen, so that the driver does not have to look down to see the car's driving status, ensuring driving safety. The HID is the acronym for car xenon headlights, which is a type of automotive light source with high brightness, and is formed by ionising the xenon gas in the headlights to form an electric arc discharge and make it steadily luminous, thus forming a stable automotive headlight lighting system.
6、HPS and EHPS
HPS is the acronym for Hydraulic Power Steering System. It is the most common steering assistance system used in cars and is still used in large numbers in trucks and off-road vehicles. The EHPS is the abbreviation for Electronic Hydraulic Power Steering System, which is characterised by the fact that the steering pump is driven by the engine and now by the motor, which has the advantage of being able to steer at speed and reduce fuel consumption.
7、ECU and TCU
ECU is the abbreviation for Electronic Control Unit, which generally refers to the electronic control unit of the engine, or what we commonly call the engine computer. The TCU refers to the automatic transmission electronic control unit. These two control units communicate and co-ordinate with each other at all times during the operation of the vehicle. In most models, the two are separate, but some models have combined them into one, collectively known as the ECU.
8. CNG and LNG
CNG is the acronym for compressed natural gas vehicles, while LNG is the acronym for liquefied natural gas vehicles. The difference between the two is that although the natural gas in CNG is at high pressure, it is still gaseous and at room temperature, requiring larger, heavier cylinders, while the natural gas in LNG is liquid and at a very low temperature. This is why LNG is now more commonly used in liquefied natural gas vehicles, i.e. LNG.
9. DOHC and SOHC
DOHC is the abbreviation for double overhead camshaft, while SOHC is the abbreviation for single overhead camshaft, both of which are part of the camshaft arrangement of the gas distribution mechanism. DOHC is relatively more beneficial to the engine intake and exhaust, with more precise control, therefore most of the engines are now dual overhead camshaft.
10. 4WD and 4WS
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