汽車噴漆會造成的職業病你知道多少?
What do you know about the occupational diseases caused by car painting?
現階段关于汽車維修環保的話題，主要在整治環境污染，尤其是汽車噴正處於風口浪尖，都知道油漆會產生揮發物，對大氣環境造成很大影響，但是這種影響是間接影響，這種環保整治主要是減少大氣中的VOCs含量，那這種噴塗作業的直接影響是哪些群體?
大家都知道是噴漆工
有很多人說，不要危言聳聽，畢竟出現問題的噴漆工是少數的，大部分還是沒有問題的。我想說的是你所說的少數是已經過世或者在世的敗血症患者吧?
你這麼肯定敗血症不會在多年後出現，那時候可能你已經不從事這項工作了，難道你只關心這些致命的傷害，你知道飯金噴漆的非致命傷害嗎?
對於身體機能的長期傷害、對於生育的影響、對於下一代的健康影響、對於壽命影響等，你真的瞭解嗎?你知道汽車噴漆在職業病目錄有幾項嗎?
這些都有多大程度的傷害?
現在就讓你瞭解一下。
1.塵肺
噴工都帶防護口罩工作，防護口罩可以過濾粉塵，它可以過濾氣體嗎?
有人說活性炭口罩可以吸附活性炭最怕受潮，受潮就會飽和，也就失去吸附功能了，口罩戴在嘴上，人呼出的氣體是有水分的，也就很快讓活性炭飽和。
塵肺的臨床表現:咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛、呼吸困難、咯血等。早期患者一般狀態尚好，晚期則營養欠佳.晚期患者，特別是併發肺結核或肺部感染時，肺部可聽到羅音。有肺氣腫、氣胸、肺源性心臟病時，可出現相應的體征。有杵狀指時，應留心其他並發病的可能
(這是一個多年從事噴漆的朋友，洗肺時拍的照片。)塵肺併發症:呼吸系統感染、自發性氣胸、肺結核、肺癌及胸膜間皮瘤、慢性肺心病、呼吸衰竭減少塵肺的措施:佩戴防塵護具、使用可收集粉塵的工磨機
2.過敏性肺炎
過敏性肺炎是易感人群反復吸入各種具有抗原性的有機粉塵、低分子量化學物質，引起的一組彌漫性間質性肉芽腫性肺病。
3.化學性眼部灼傷
化學性眼部灼傷是指工作中眼部直接接觸鹼性、酸性或其它含有化學物質的氣體、液體或固體所致眼組織的腐蝕破壞性損害。
預防措施:施工時一定要戴防護眼鏡或防護面罩，以防止化學物質濺入眼內或燒傷面部。工作時不要揉眼。最好在現場準備水源或盛有清水的面盆，以防不測。
4.職業性雜訊聾
職業性雜訊譽是指人們在工作過程中長期接觸生產性雜訊而發生的一種進行性感音性聽覺礙。職業性雜訊聾的發生是雜訊對人體聽覺器官長期慢性影響的結果，表現為感音系統的慢性退行性病變噴漆工在烤房中施工，烤漆房風機的噪音以及烤漆房內氣壓對耳膜的長期影響。
5.慢性苯中毒
慢性苯中毒是指苯及其代謝產物酚類直接抑制了細胞核分裂，導致細胞突變，影響了骨髓的造血功能臨床表現為白細胞計數持續減少，最終發展為再生障礙性貧血或白血病
6.甲醛中毒
影響人體DNA的主要成分，也就是影響下一代的禍首，甲醛中毒取決於甲醛的濃度，在烤漆房內噴漆時，你測過烤房內的甲醛濃度嗎?
另外甲醛也有致癌和促癌的作用。
以上個紹幾種放色性所產生的病變，另外還有很多機械性的疾病，照射感應性的病變，就不詳細介紹了。說這些並不是讓大家放棄噴漆這項工作，只是讓大家不要馬虎大意，畢竟白血病是少數的，如果平時不注意防護通風和衛生，其他的隱形病症，也不可小視。
At this stage on the topic of environmental protection of car maintenance, mainly in the remediation of environmental pollution, especially car spraying is in the limelight, we all know that paint will produce volatile compounds, causing a great impact on the atmosphere, but this impact is indirect, this environmental remediation is mainly to reduce the content of VOCs in the atmosphere, that the direct impact of this spraying operation is which groups?
We all know that it is the paint sprayers
There are many people who say, "Don't scaremonger, after all, the number of spray painters who have problems is a small minority, and most of them have no problems at all. What I am trying to say is that the few you are talking about are those with sepsis who have passed away or are still alive, right?
Are you so sure that sepsis won't appear in years to come, when you may no longer be doing the job? Do you know about the long-term damage to your body's functions, the effects on your fertility, the health of your next generation, the effects on your life expectancy, etc.? Do you know how many occupational diseases are listed for car painting? How harmful are they? Here's what you need to know.
1. Dust lung
Sprayers wear protective masks to work. They can filter dust, but can they filter gas? Some people say that activated carbon masks can adsorb activated carbon, which is most afraid of moisture.
Clinical manifestations of pneumoconiosis: coughing, coughing up sputum, chest pain, breathlessness, haemoptysis, etc. Patients in the early stages of the disease are generally in good condition, but in the late stages they are not well nourished. In advanced cases, especially in cases of tuberculosis or pulmonary infection, a rhotic sound may be heard in the lungs. In the presence of emphysema, pneumothorax, or pulmonary heart disease, signs may be present. In the presence of pestle and mortar, other co-morbidities should be considered
(This is a photo taken by a friend who has been painting for many years, during a lung wash.) Complications of pneumoconiosis: respiratory infections, spontaneous pneumothorax, tuberculosis, lung cancer and pleural mesothelioma, chronic pulmonary heart disease, respiratory failure Measures to reduce pneumoconiosis: wear dust protection, use dust-collecting machines
2. Allergic pneumonia
Allergic pneumonia is a group of diffuse mesenchymal granulomatous lung diseases caused by the repeated inhalation of various antigenic organic dusts and low molecular weight chemicals in susceptible people.
3. Chemical eye burns
Chemical eye burns are corrosive and destructive damage to eye tissue caused by direct contact with alkaline, acidic or other gases, liquids or solids containing chemicals at work.
Precautions: Always wear protective glasses or a face shield when working to prevent chemicals from splashing into the eyes or burning the face. Do not rub your eyes while working. It is a good idea to have a water source or a basin with water on site in case of an accident.
4. Occupational noise and deafness
Occupational acoustic deafness is a form of progressive acoustic hearing impairment that occurs when people are exposed to productive noise over a long period of time in the course of their work. The occurrence of occupational noise deafness is the result of long-term chronic effects of noise on the human auditory organs, manifesting as chronic degenerative lesions of the sensory system painters working in baking rooms, the noise of paint room fans and the long-term effects of air pressure in the paint room on the eardrums.
5. Chronic benzene poisoning
Chronic benzene poisoning refers to the direct inhibition of cell nuclear division by benzene and its metabolite phenols, resulting in cell mutations that affect the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow, with clinical manifestations such as a continuous decrease in white blood cell count and the eventual development of aplastic anaemia or leukaemia.
6. Formaldehyde poisoning
Formaldehyde poisoning depends on the concentration of formaldehyde. Have you ever tested the concentration of formaldehyde in a paint booth when spraying paint? In addition, formaldehyde has carcinogenic and cancer-promoting effects.
There are also many other mechanical diseases and irradiation-induced lesions, so I won't go into details. After all, leukaemia is a rare disease, but if we do not pay attention to ventilation and hygiene, other invisible diseases should not be underestimated.
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